Classroom peek: flame testing

Grade 11 students created sparks in the lab this week, as they discovered the techniques and chemistry involved in flame testing.

A flame test is a simple laboratory technique used to identify the presence of specific metal ions in a compound based on the unique colour they emit when heated. 

The extreme heat of a flame gives energy to electrons in metal ions. These electrons jump to a higher energy level and as they drop back down to their normal state, they release that extra energy as visible light. 

Each metal element releases a specific wavelength of light, creating a distinct colour. Common flame colours include sodium – bright yellow or orange, copper – green or blue, potassium – lilac or pale violet, lithium – crimson or bright red, and calcium – brick red or orange-red.

It certainly made for a kaleidoscopic lesson!